Fuel spraying



J. GOOD FUEL SPRAYING May 5, 1931.

Filed Jan. 9, 1925 ilill.

R m E V W.

Patented May 5, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN GOOD, OF GARDEN CITY, -1\TEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GOOD INVENTIONS 00., OF

NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK FUEL SPRAYING Application filed January 9, 1925. Serial No. 1,452.

The object of the invention is an eflicient spraying means for oil burners and other purposes, not dependent on the use of fine spray orifices subject to stoppage by dirt in the oil or liquid, and also a spray regulation means capable of varying the volume of the spray without affecting its quality or velocity to an extent suificient to affect or materially change the character of the combustion or the susceptibility of the spray for ignition by spark, if that form of ignition is employed; and also a new method of spraying fuel as below explained.

In the accompanying drawing, Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively axial section and rear elevation of a burner head incorporating one form of the invention, and Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively rear elevation and axial section of a modified form.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, the device comprises a body or casing 1, which is flanged or otherwise formed for attachment to the combustion chamber or spray space, not shown. This casing carries the nozzle 2 containing a liquid supply passage 3 and a spraying orifice 4. The orifice. constitutes the source of the spray and may be variously organized for this purpose in the present case it is occupied bya spiral-vaned plug centrally supported therein by the screw stem 5 and adapted to shatter the liquid and give it a whirling motion as it issues from the orifice, under the pressure of the liquid supplied, this being a usual method of spraying oil by a pump or other source of pressure. Other types of spray sources can be substituted with equal-effect whether operating solely by the pressure of the supplied liquid, as in the present case, or by air-jet or steam blast.

According to this invention, the emergent spray is intercepted by a member 6 carried on a sleeve or support 7 fitted to be moved back and forth in the direction of the axis of the spray as by means of a rack and pinion such as shown at 8, or in any other appropriate way. The liquid in the spray which strikes the interceptor member 6 is deflected or diverted thereby into the lower part of the sleeve 7 or nozzle structure whence it passes into return passage 9. This return passage may conduct the diverted liquid back to the reservoir constituting the source of liquid supply, or to any other place of storage or use not shown. The liquid which escapes the interceptor passes to the combustion space. Inasmuch as the spray is divergent or coniform, as indicated bythe dotted lines, it will 1 be apparent that the axial distance by which the interceptor is separated from the spraying orifice will control the amount of sprayed liquid which is diverted into the return passage and thereby control the amount which reaches the combustion space. When the sleeve is set in its innermost position, about as indicated by the full lines in Fig. 1, practically the whole of the spray passes to the combustion space; when it is set to the lefthand position, indicated by dotted lines, only a part of the spray reaches the combustion space, the balance being diverted into the return passage. In both adjustments, however, it will be seen that the velocity and degree of fineness of atomization of the spray which reaches the combustion space are unchanged, and if these factors have been properly established in the first instance, they will continue 'thesame at all rates of combustion, thus making it possible to vary the rate without affecting the burner efliciency.

Preferably the interceptor has the form of an annular plate, concentric to the spray orifice, as indicated, so that the central part of the spray escapes it. It has been found desirable to supplement this plate with a second. guard plate 10, having a somewhat larger central opening, the purpose of which is to intercept and return such liquid as happens to be turned outwardly by reason of its contact withthe edge of the main interceptor and to act as a heat screen. When this doubled interceptor is used, the main plate 6 is provided with an opening 11 through which liquid in front of it may pass to the return passage 9. The pinion 8 is arranged to be operated by a thumb wheel outside of the burner head and is supplied with a friction washer 1 6 to hold the adjustthumb wheel 15 on the end of its hinge shaft. A friction washer 16 is applied also to this thumb wheel to prevent movement of the interceptor by the force of the spray or by vibration. The method of operation is the same in both forms, however, and consists in causing the fuel to be atomized as a spray and then selecting from such spray the portion best suited to be burned and collecting the remaining portion and returning it through the spray nozzle.

From the description of the foregoing forms of the invention, it will be apparent that the eifect's described can be secured in various other mechanical embodiments and it will therefore be understood that no limitation is herein intended to the particular structures shown.

I claim:

1. Liquid spraying apparatus comprising a unitary head structure having a spray source orifice and a liquid chamber therein, a supply passage leading to the spray orifice and a return passage leading from said chamber, an .adjustable member extending into the spray cone to intercept a portion only of the spray and adapted to direct variable amounts of the sprayed liquid into said chamber.

2. Liquid spraying apparatus including a liquid supply passage terminatin in a spray source and means for varying t e volume of liquid discharged comprising a transverse interceptor member apertured concentrically with the spray axis and movable along the same toward and from the spray source.

3. Liquid sprayi apparatus as claimed in claim 2 in which the interceptor comprises a pair of annular members spaced longitudinally of the spray-cone axis.

4. A burner comprising a body having a chamber therein, an atomlzing nozzle adapted to project fuel with a rotary motion and as a conical shaped spray into said chamber,

- a plate having an aperture substantially axially aligned with said nozzle whereby the center portion of said spray is passed through said aperture and the-remainder of said fuel spray 1s collected in said chamber, a passage from said chamber by which said collected fuel spray is drained.

5. burner comprising a body having a chamber therein, an atomlzing nozzle adaptproject said spray.

ed to project fuel with a rotary motion and as a conical shaped spray into said chamber, a

plate havingan aperture substantially axialcenter portion of said spray is assed through said aperture and the remain er of said fuel spray is collected in said chamber, a passage from said chamber by which said. collected? fuel spray is drained, a'fuel supply reservoir into which said passage discharges and a pump interposed between said reservoir and said nozzle adapted to establish pressureto 7-. A burner comprising a body having a chamber therein, an atomizing nozzle ada ted to project fuel with a rotary motion an as a conical shaped spray into said chamber, a plate having a aperture substantially 'axial- 1y aligned wit said nozzle whereb the center portion of said spray is passe through said aperture and the remainder of said fuel spray is collected in said chamber, a passage from said chamber by which said collectedfuel spray is drained, a heat screen beyond and spaced from said plate and having'an aperture in said axial alignment to admit the projection of said center portion of said spray and a discharge duct from the space between the plate and the heat screen to return condensed spray therein to a reservoir, a fuel reservoir into which said passage and said duct are adapted to drain and means constructed and adapted to abstract fuel from" said reservoir and project the same through said nozzle. 1

8. A burner comprising a body having a chamber therein, an atomizing nozzle adapt-' ed to project fuel with a rotary motion and as a conical shaped spray into said chamber, a plate having an aperture substantially axially aligned with said nozzle whereby the center portion of said spray is passed through said aperture andthe remainder of said fuel spray is, collected in said chamber, a passage from said chamber by which said collected .fuel spray is drained and means for varying the distance between the plate and thenozzle to vary the volume of said center portion ofsaid spray passing through said aperture.

9! A burner comprising a body having a chamber therein, an atomizing nozzle adapted to project fuel with a rotary motion and as a conical shaped spray into said chamber, a plate having an aperture substantially axially aligned with said nozzle whereby the center portion of said spray is assed through said aperture and the remainder of said fuel spray is collected in said chamber, a passage from said chamber by which said collected fuel spray is drained, a fuel supply reservoir into which said passage discharges, and means for varying the distance between the plate and the nozzle to vary the volume of said center portion of said spray passing through said aperture.

10. A burner comprising a body having a chamber therein, an atomizing nozzle adapted to project fuel with a rotary motion and as a conical shaped spray into said chamber, a plate having an aperture substantially axially aligned with said nozzle whereby the center portion of said spray is passed through said aperture and the remainder of said fuel spray is collected in said chamber, a passage from said chamber by which said collected fuel spray is drained, a fuel supply reservoir into which said passage discharges and a pump interposed be tween said reservoir and said nozzle adapted to establish pressure to project the said spray, and means for varying the distance between the plate and the nozzle to vary the volume of said center portion of said spray passing through said aperture.

fuel spray from a burner which consists of causing the fuel to be atomized as a conical spray and then selecting from said conical spray the center portion to be burned and collecting the other portion of said spray and again passing said collected portion through said nozzle with additional fuel.

14. The method of producing a selected fuel spray from a burner which consists of causing the fuel to be atomized as a conical spray and then selecting from said conical spray the center portion to be burned and collecting the other portion of said spray and again passing said collected portion through said nozzle and varying the relative quantity of said central portion to suit the load requirements of said burner.

15. The method of producing a selected fuel spray from a burner which consists of causing the fuel to be atomized as a conical spray and then selecting from said conical spray the portion to be burned and collecting the other portion of said spray and again passing said collected portion through said nozzle with additional fuel and varying the relative quantity of said portions to suit the requirements of said burner.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification.

JOHN GOOD.

11. A burner comprising a body having a I chamber therein, an atomizmg nozzle adapted to project fuel with a rotary motion and as a conical shaped spray into said chamber, a plate having an aperture substantially axially aligned with said nozzle whereby the center portion of said spray is passed through said aperture and the remainder of said fuel spray is collected in said chamber, a passage from said chamber by which said collected fuel spray is drained, a heat screen beyond and spaced from said plate and having an aperture in said axial alignment to admit the projection of said center portion of said spray and a discharge duct from the space between the plate and the heat screen to return condensed spray therein to a reservoir, a fuel reservoir into which said pas sage and said ductare adapted to drain and means constructed and adapted to abstract fuel from said reservoir and project the same through said nozzle, and means for varying the distance between the plate and the nozzle to vary the volume of said center portion of said spray passing through said aperture.

12. The method of producing a selected fuel spray from a burner which consists of causing the fuel to be atomized as a conical spray and then selecting from said cc "iical spray the portion to be burned and collecting the other portion of said spray and again passing said collected portion through said nozzle.

13. The method of producing a selected 

